Pronoun – Definition (English | Hindi)
A pronoun is a word that is used in place of a noun to avoid repetition and to make sentences smoother and clearer.
सर्वनाम वह शब्द होता है जो संज्ञा के स्थान पर प्रयोग किया जाता है, ताकि बार-बार संज्ञा को दोहराने से बचा जा सके और वाक्य सरल व स्पष्ट बने।
Example:
Amit was a hardworking teacher. Amit loved teaching English. Amit helped Amit’s students every day. One day, Amit realized repetition sounded awkward, so he used pronouns. He improved his language. Now he teaches confidently, and his students understand him better.
What happened here?
Amit - he
Amit’s - his
Amit - him
The pronouns stopped repetition and made the story natural.
The main types of pronouns are:
Personal Pronoun
Interrogative Pronoun
Relative Pronoun
Demonstrative Pronoun
Distributive Pronoun
Indefinite Pronoun
Reflexive Pronoun
Reciprocal Pronoun
Emphatic Pronouns
1. Personal Pronoun
What is a Personal Pronoun?
A personal pronoun refers to a specific person, place, animal, or thing.
Examples:
I am learning English.
We are ready for the test.
You are very punctual.
He teaches grammar clearly.
She loves reading novels.
It is raining today.
They are waiting outside.
Please help me.
I met him yesterday.
The teacher praised her.
Key Points to Remember
This / These - used for near objects
That / Those - used for far objects
This / That - singular
These / Those - plural
This / These - used for near objects
That / Those - used for far objects
This / That - singular
These / Those - plural
2. Interrogative Pronoun
What is an Interrogative Pronoun?
An interrogative pronoun is used to ask questions. It refers to something unknown.
एक Interrogative Pronoun (प्रश्नवाचक सर्वनाम) का प्रयोग प्रश्न पूछने के लिए किया जाता है। यह किसी अज्ञात व्यक्ति, वस्तु या बात की ओर संकेत करता है।
Common interrogative pronouns: Who, whom, whose, what, which
Examples:
Who is knocking at the door?
Whom did you meet yesterday?
Whose book is this?
What is your name?
Which is your favorite subject?
Who taught you English?
Whom should I call now?
What happened here?
Which of these is correct?
Whose idea was this?
3. Relative Pronoun
What is a Relative Pronoun?
A relative pronoun connects a noun with a clause and gives more information about the noun.
Relative Pronoun किसी noun (संज्ञा) को एक clause (उपवाक्य) से जोड़ता है और उस noun के बारे में अतिरिक्त जानकारी देता है
Common relative pronouns: Who, whom, whose, which, that
Examples:
This is the boy who won the prize.
The teacher whom we respect is here.
I know the man whose wallet was lost.
This is the book which I bought yesterday.
She is the girl that topped the class.
The car which is parked outside is mine.
He is a person who helps others.
The student whose result improved is happy.
This is the pen that I lost.
I met a woman who speaks French.
Important Notes (Very Useful for Students)
Who / Whom - only for people
Which - for animals and things
That - for people, animals, and things (most common)
Whose - shows possession
Where, When, Why - used with place, time, and reason
What - used without a noun before it
4. Demonstrative Pronoun
What is a Demonstrative Pronoun?
A demonstrative pronoun is used to point out a specific person or thing.
Common demonstrative pronouns: This, that, these, those
Examples:
This is my house.
That was a wonderful movie.
These are my books.
Those are your shoes.
This looks expensive.
That is not true.
These are very useful.
Those were difficult days.
This is what I wanted.
Those are the rules.
5. Distributive Pronoun
What is a Distributive Pronoun?
A distributive pronoun refers to one person or thing at a time, even when talking about many.
Distributive Pronoun एक-एक व्यक्ति या वस्तु की ओर संकेत करता है, भले ही बात कई लोगों या वस्तुओं की हो।
Common distributive pronouns: Each, either, neither
Examples:
Each of the students was rewarded.
Either of the two roads leads to the village.
Neither of the answers is correct.
Each must do his duty.
Either option is acceptable.
Neither boy was present.
Each of us tried our best.
Either side can win the match.
Neither of them agreed.
Each one deserves respect.
Common Mistakes (Avoid ❌)
❌ Each students are late.
✔️ Each student is late.
❌ Neither of the answers are correct.
✔️ Neither of the answers is correct.
6. Indefinite Pronoun
What is an Indefinite Pronoun?
An indefinite pronoun refers to persons or things not definite or not specific.
अनिश्चित सर्वनाम ऐसे व्यक्ति या वस्तु को संदर्भित करता है जो निश्चित या विशेष नहीं होते हैं।
Common indefinite pronouns: Someone, someone, anyone, everyone, nobody, something, nothing, all, many, few
Examples:
Someone is calling you.
Anyone can make mistakes.
Everyone wants success.
Nobody was present there.
Something is wrong here.
Nothing is impossible.
Many are invited to the party.
Few understand the problem.
All are welcome here.
Somebody left this bag.
7. Reflexive Pronoun
What is a Reflexive Pronoun?
A reflexive pronoun is used when the subject and object are the same.
एक reflexive pronoun (स्वयंवाचक सर्वनाम) तब उपयोग किया जाता है जब क्रिया का कर्ता (subject) और कर्म (object) एक ही व्यक्ति या वस्तु होते हैं।
Common reflexive pronouns: Myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves
Examples:
I hurt myself.
He blamed himself for the mistake.
She prepared herself for the exam.
The child injured himself.
We enjoyed ourselves at the party.
She looked at herself in the mirror.
You should control yourself.
They introduced themselves.
The machine stopped itself.
I taught myself English.
8. Reciprocal Pronoun
What is a Reciprocal Pronoun?
A reciprocal pronoun shows mutual action or relationship between two or more persons.
Common reciprocal pronouns: Each other, one another
Examples:
They love each other.
The students helped one another.
We respect each other.
The two friends trust each other.
The players encouraged one another.
The sisters care for each other.
The teams congratulated each other.
They blamed one another for the loss.
We should support each other.
The neighbors greeted one another.
9. Emphatic Pronouns
Used to emphasize a noun or pronoun, always ends with -self / -selves.
(It is similar to reflexive, but only for emphasis, not action)
Noun (संज्ञा) या Pronoun(सर्वनाम) पर ज़ोर देने के लिए इस्तेमाल किया जाता है, हमेशा -self / -selves पर समाप्त होता है। (यह reflexive pronoun जैसा है, लेकिन केवल जोर देने के लिए होता है, क्रिया करने के लिए नहीं।)
Examples:
I myself will do it.
She herself cooked dinner.
He himself solved the problem.
We ourselves completed the project.
They themselves decorated the hall.
You yourself said it.
The manager himself attended the meeting.
The children themselves cleaned the room.
The president himself signed the document.
I myself bought this gift.
Fill-in-the-Blank Exercises on Pronouns
___ am going to the market.
Can ___ help me with this problem?
This is the book ___ I was telling you about.
___ is my pen.
Each of the students did ___ homework.
___ has left the room?
The girl ___ won the prize is my friend.
That is not my bag; it is ___.
___ gave me a gift yesterday.
Both of them helped ___.
Who is calling ___ on the phone?
I saw a dog. ___ was barking loudly.
___ of the two roads leads to the park?
He did the work himself, and I admire ___.
Somebody left ___ umbrella in the class.
___ are very kind to everyone.
Whose book is this? Is it ___?
The man ___ came here is a doctor.
___ is better, tea or coffee?
She looked at ___ in the mirror.
___ are going to the party tonight.
Can ___ tell me the answer?
The students, ___ were tired, went home early.
This is my friend, and I trust ___.
Each of the girls did ___ best in the competition.
___ is responsible for this mess?
The boy ___ helped me was very polite.
That is ___ car, not mine.
___ wrote this beautiful poem?
We made the cake ourselves; we baked it ___.
Nobody can solve this problem except ___.
___ have been waiting for you since morning.
Who gave you this gift? Was it ___?
The teacher ___ teaches English is very strict.
Which of these two pens do you prefer, this one or ___?
She looked at herself in the water. She saw ___.
Both of them love ___.
Who is coming to the party? Is it ___?
I met a man. ___ was very kind.
___ of the books on the shelf belong to me.
Everyone brought ___ homework on time.
___ is responsible for cleaning the room?
The lady ___ lives next door is a doctor.
Those are my shoes, and these are ___.
___ did the work perfectly.
They helped ___ in moving the furniture.
Who called you? Was it ___?
I saw a cat. ___ was sitting under the tree.
___ of the two dresses looks better on you?
He completed the task himself. He did it ___.
Somebody left ___ keys on the table.
___ are very hardworking students.
Which bag is yours? Is it ___?
The man ___ is speaking is our principal.
What is better, tea or coffee? I like ___ more.
She saw herself in the mirror. She looked at ___.
Both of them enjoyed ___.
Who came here yesterday? Was it ___?
I met a teacher. ___ was very friendly.
___ of the students failed the test?
Everyone must complete ___ assignments.
___ is responsible for this mistake?
The woman ___ helped me is my neighbor.
Those pens are mine; these are ___.
___ did this beautiful drawing?
They bought gifts for ___.
Who is calling now? Is it ___?
I saw a bird. ___ was sitting on the branch.
Which of these two paths is better, this one or ___?
He solved the problem himself. He solved it ___.
Somebody forgot ___ bag in the classroom.
___ are very good friends.
Whose bag is this? Is it ___?
The boy ___ is running is my brother.
Which pen do you want, this or ___?
She looked at herself and smiled. She saw ___ in the mirror.
Both of them are taking care of ___.
Who is coming tomorrow? Is it ___?
I met a man yesterday. ___ was very polite.
___ of the two teams will win the match?
Everyone must submit ___ report today.
___ is responsible for switching off the lights?
The lady ___ lives here is very helpful.
These books are mine; those are ___.
___ did this amazing work?
They helped each other and supported ___.
Who called you just now? Was it ___?
I saw a dog. ___ was barking loudly.
Which of these two shirts looks nice, this one or ___?
He completed the project himself. He finished it ___.
Somebody left ___ notebook on the table.
___ are attending the English class regularly.
Which is your pen? Is it ___?
The man ___ is standing there is my uncle.
What do you like more, chocolate or vanilla? I like ___ more.
She prepared the food herself. She cooked it ___.
Both of them are enjoying ___.
Who is your new teacher? Is it ___?
I met a boy. ___ was very intelligent.
___ of the two roads leads to the village?
Answer Key:
I 2. you 3. which 4. This 5. their 6. Who 7. who 8. mine 9. He 10. each other 11. me 12. it 13. Which 14. him 15. their 16. We 17. yours 18. who 19. Which 20. herself 21. We 22. you 23. who 24. him 25. her 26. Who 27. who 28. that 29. Who 30. itself 31. me 32. We 33. him 34. who 35. that 36. herself 37. themselves 38. him 39. he 40. all 41. their 42. Who 43. who 44. mine 45. She 46. each other 47. him 48. it 49. that 50. himself 51. their 52. They 53. yours 54. who 55. this 56. herself 57. themselves 58. him 59. he 60. Which 61. their 62. Who 63. who 64. mine 65. Who 66. themselves 67. him 68. it 69. that 70. himself 71. their 72. They 73. yours 74. who 75. that 76. herself 77. themselves 78. him 79. he 80. Which 81. their 82. Who 83. who 84. mine 85. Who 86. each other 87. him 88. it 89. that 90. himself 91. their 92. They 93. yours 94. who 95. this 96. herself 97. themselves 98. him 99. he 100. Which
MCQs on Pronouns
Personal Pronouns:
She is my friend. “She” is a ________ pronoun.
a) Personal b) Interrogative c) Relative d) ReflexiveI like chocolate. “I” refers to ________.
a) First person b) Second person c) Third person d) IndefiniteThe teacher gave us homework. “Us” is a ________.
a) Reflexive b) Personal c) Demonstrative d) ReciprocalHe and I are friends. “He” is ________.
a) Third person singular b) First person plural c) Second person d) RelativeWe will go to the park. “We” is ________.
a) Third person plural b) First person plural c) Personal d) DistributiveYou should study daily. “You” is ________.
a) Personal b) Indefinite c) Interrogative d) EmphaticThey are playing football. “They” is ________.
a) First person plural b) Second person c) Third person plural d) ReflexiveThis gift is for me. “Me” is ________.
a) Subject pronoun b) Object pronoun c) Reflexive d) ReciprocalShe told us her story. “Her” is ________.
a) Possessive pronoun b) Personal pronoun c) Interrogative d) EmphaticI did it myself. “I” is ________.
a) Personal b) Reflexive c) Emphatic d) RelativeHe is taller than me. “Me” is ________.
a) Object pronoun b) Subject pronoun c) Personal d) IndefiniteWe are going to the market. “We” is ________.
a) First person plural b) Third person plural c) Second person d) ReflexiveI love my dog. “My” is ________.
a) Personal b) Possessive pronoun c) Demonstrative d) ReciprocalThey helped us. “Us” is ________.
a) Object pronoun b) Subject pronoun c) Reflexive d) EmphaticHe is my brother. “He” is ________.
a) Personal pronoun b) Relative c) Indefinite d) Distributive
Interrogative Pronouns:
_______ is coming to the party?
a) Who b) He c) Them d) Yours_______ did you give this book to?
a) Who b) Whom c) Which d) That_______ of these is correct?
a) Which b) Who c) Whose d) That_______ bag is this?
a) Whose b) Which c) Who d) What_______ is knocking at the door?
a) Who b) Whom c) Which d) That_______ are you talking about?
a) Who b) Whose c) Which d) Whom_______ is your favorite subject?
a) What b) Which c) Whose d) Who_______ book do you want?
a) Which b) Whose c) Who d) That_______ is calling me?
a) Who b) Whom c) That d) Which_______ of these pens is yours?
a) Which b) Whose c) Who d) That
Relative Pronouns:
The man _______ helped me is kind.
a) Who b) Which c) That d) WhoseThis is the book _______ I was talking about.
a) Which b) Who c) Whom d) ThatShe is the girl _______ won the prize.
a) Who b) Whose c) Which d) ThatI know the man _______ car was stolen.
a) Whose b) Who c) Which d) ThatThis is the house _______ I live in.
a) Where b) Which c) Who d) ThatThe movie _______ we watched was amazing.
a) That b) Who c) Whom d) WhoseShe likes the dress _______ is blue.
a) Which b) Who c) Whose d) ThatThe boy _______ father is a doctor is my friend.
a) Whose b) Who c) That d) WhichThe cake _______ I baked was delicious.
a) That b) Who c) Whose d) WhichThe singer _______ songs are popular is famous.
a) Whose b) Who c) Which d) That
Demonstrative Pronouns:
_______ is my pen.
a) This b) That c) These d) All of the above_______ are my books.
a) These b) That c) This d) WhoI like _______ dress.
a) That b) Those c) These d) Who_______ is too expensive.
a) That b) Those c) These d) Which_______ are beautiful flowers.
a) These b) That c) Who d) WhoseLook at _______ stars!
a) Those b) This c) Who d) WhichI want _______ bag.
a) That b) These c) These d) Whose_______ is my favorite chair.
a) This b) Those c) Who d) Which_______ apples are fresh.
a) These b) That c) Who d) WhoseDo you like _______ shoes?
a) Those b) That c) Who d) Which
Distributive Pronouns:
_______ of the students passed the exam.
a) Each b) All c) Some d) Many_______ is responsible for this work.
a) Each b) All c) Few d) Some_______ of the books is missing.
a) Each b) All c) Many d) Few_______ should do their best.
a) Everyone b) Few c) Both d) Some_______ of the players scored a goal.
a) Each b) Some c) Few d) Many
Indefinite Pronouns:
_______ is at the door.
a) Someone b) Anyone c) No one d) AllI didn’t see _______ in the room.
a) Anyone b) Someone c) No one d) All_______ likes ice cream.
a) Everyone b) Someone c) Anyone d) AllThere is _______ here to help us.
a) Somebody b) None c) Few d) Each_______ can join the class.
a) Anyone b) Everyone c) Somebody d) EachI want to talk to _______ who is responsible.
a) Anyone b) Someone c) Everyone d) Nobody_______ of them failed the test.
a) None b) Each c) Some d) Many_______ can answer this question.
a) Anyone b) Everyone c) Somebody d) None_______ is willing to help.
a) Someone b) Anyone c) Nobody d) EachI know _______ who can solve this problem.
a) Someone b) Anyone c) Everyone d) Few_______ has stolen my bag.
a) Someone b) Anyone c) Nobody d) Each_______ of the children is crying.
a) Some b) None c) Each d) Many_______ knows the answer.
a) Everyone b) Somebody c) Anyone d) EachI can’t see _______ in the room.
a) Anyone b) Somebody c) Everyone d) Each_______ of my friends is coming today.
a) Some b) Each c) Few d) Many
Reflexive Pronouns:
I did it _______.
a) Myself b) Yourself c) Himself d) EachShe prepared the food _______.
a) Herself b) Himself c) Themselves d) YourselfThey blamed _______ for the mistake.
a) Themselves b) Myself c) Yourself d) HimselfHe looked at _______ in the mirror.
a) Himself b) Herself c) Yourself d) ThemselvesWe enjoyed _______ at the party.
a) Ourselves b) Yourself c) Themselves d) HimselfYou should help _______.
a) Yourself b) Himself c) Themselves d) MyselfI cut _______ while cooking.
a) Myself b) Yourself c) Himself d) HerselfShe did it all by _______.
a) Herself b) Yourself c) Themselves d) MyselfThe students taught _______ new skills.
a) Themselves b) Herself c) Yourself d) HimselfHe opened the door by _______.
a) Himself b) Herself c) Yourself d) Themselves
Reciprocal Pronouns:
They love _______.
a) Each other b) Myself c) Herself d) YourselfThe two friends helped _______.
a) Each other b) Myself c) Himself d) YourselfWe congratulated _______ on the success.
a) Each other b) Herself c) Yourself d) ThemselvesThe players respected _______.
a) Each other b) Myself c) Himself d) HerselfThey hugged _______ after the match.
a) Each other b) Myself c) Yourself d) Himself
Emphatic Pronouns:
I did it _______.
a) Myself b) Yourself c) Herself d) ThemselvesShe herself cooked the meal. “Herself” is ________.
a) Emphatic b) Reflexive c) Personal d) DemonstrativeThe president himself attended the meeting. “Himself” is ________.
a) Emphatic b) Reflexive c) Reciprocal d) DistributiveThey themselves solved the problem.
a) Emphatic b) Reflexive c) Personal d) RelativeWe ourselves painted the room.
a) Emphatic b) Reflexive c) Personal d) DemonstrativeHe himself fixed the car.
a) Emphatic b) Reflexive c) Personal d) ReciprocalI myself cleaned the house.
a) Emphatic b) Reflexive c) Personal d) RelativeThe children themselves made the card.
a) Emphatic b) Reflexive c) Personal d) DistributiveYou yourself can solve this problem.
a) Emphatic b) Reflexive c) Personal d) RelativeShe herself completed the task.
a) Emphatic b) Reflexive c) Personal d) Demonstrative
Mixed / Revision Questions (91–100)
_______ broke the vase?
a) Who b) Whom c) Which d) ThatThe teacher gave the homework to _______.
a) Them b) Himself c) Yours d) HeThis is the dog _______ barked last night.
a) That b) Who c) Whose d) Which_______ of the boys scored the highest marks.
a) Each b) All c) None d) SomeI hurt _______ while cooking.
a) Myself b) Yourself c) Herself d) HimselfThe friends helped _______ in the project.
a) Each other b) Myself c) Yourself d) Himself_______ is coming with us?
a) Who b) Which c) That d) WhoseThose are my books, and these are _______.
a) Yours b) Himself c) Theirs d) MyselfThe singer _______ songs are popular is famous.
a) Whose b) Who c) That d) WhichI did the work _______ without help.
a) Myself b) Yourself c) Herself d) Themselves
ANSWER KEY:
a, 2. a, 3. b, 4. a, 5. b, 6. a, 7. c, 8. b, 9. a, 10. a, 11. a, 12. a, 13. b, 14. a, 15. a, 16. a, 17. b, 18. a, 19. a, 20. a, 21. d, 22. a, 23. a, 24. a, 25. a, 26. a, 27. a, 28. a, 29. a, 30. a, 31. a, 32. a, 33. a, 34. a, 35. a, 36. a, 37. a, 38. a, 39. a, 40. a, 41. a, 42. a, 43. a, 44. a, 45. a, 46. a, 47. a, 48. a, 49. a, 50. a, 51. a, 52. a, 53. a, 54. a, 55. a, 56. b, 57. a, 58. a, 59. a, 60. a, 61. a, 62. a, 63. a, 64. a, 65. a, 66. a, 67. a, 68. a, 69. a, 70. a, 71. a, 72. a, 73. a, 74. a, 75. a, 76. a, 77. a, 78. a, 79. a, 80. a, 81. a, 82. a, 83. a, 84. a, 85. a, 86. a, 87. a, 88. a, 89. a, 90. a, 91. a, 92. a, 93. b, 94. a, 95. a, 96. a, 97. a, 98. a, 99. a, 100. a
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